The space of the city is the theatre of everyday activity. The purpose of this activity is trade - social & economic. Any urban place is therefore a trading engine – a hugely valuable asset for both social harmony and economic prosperity.

Physical activity planning & design Challenges, opportunities & the special role of spatial networks Physical Activity & the Environment Stakeholder Seminar Gloucester, 30th November 2009 Tim Stonor Managing Director

Practice Working principles & methodologies Knowledge Planning & design information Technology Planning & design toolsets

The challenge of practice Institutional silos have emerged to the detriment of the built outcome.

Suppressed health & movement economy. Enhanced health & movement economy. Main street, mixing global & local movement. Fast highways, separating global & local movement. Challenge #1 We have stopped building main streets

Modern planning Zoned land uses, creating longer journeys. Historic planning Mixed land uses, minimising journey lengths. Challenge #2 We have separated land uses into zones

Suppressed health & movement economy. Enhanced health & movement economy. Urban building, active frontage, street dependent. Anti-urban building, blank frontage, car dependent. Challenge #3 We have stopped building accessible buildings

Main street with urban buildings, active frontages, mixing global & local movement. Enhanced health & movement economy. Fast highway with anti-urban buildings, blank frontages, separating global & local movement.. Suppressed health & movement economy. Summary We have replaced “urbanism” with transport

Breakthrough Identification of the role of space in organising movement patterns and creating urban value.

Places are made up of the space inside buildings & the space between buildings.

The space of the city is the theatre of everyday activity. The purpose of this activity is trade social & economic. Any urban place is a trading engine – a hugely valuable asset.

Movement is the lifeblood of the city.

Almost all transaction takes place between people on foot.

Each place has a unique spatial signature.

London

Tokyo

Activities are linked to the unique spatial signature.

Pedestrian Movement Flows Spatial Accessibility Spatial layout influences movement patterns

spatial accessibility pedestrian movement The influence of space on activity is measurable & robust

Area 5 Area 6 Area 3 Area 2 Spatial layout influences crime patterns

St John’s Wood High Street West Hampstead Hampstead Pond Street South End Green Englands Lane Regents Park Road Swiss Cottage Belsize Village Belsize Park Fortune Green West Hampstead tube Kilburn High Street Tim Stonor The role of space in the creation of place Space Syntax © 2008 Spatial layout shapes social & economic “centrality” Since the network shapes movement and land use patterns, it also shapes patterns of centrality. This is the fundamental city creating process by which cities evolve from collections of buildings to living cities.

Location Linkage Layout Land use attraction Spatial layout influences retail sales patterns

Spatial analysis Test, develop and propose options

Spatial analysis Test, develop and propose options

Spatial analysis Test, develop and propose options

Trafalgar Square The new Central Staircase

Evidence-based design Trafalgar Square, London Observe flow Analyse space Forecast impact

Nottingham, England Old Market Square

Elephant & Castle Capitalising on strategic value High Low Spatial Accessibility

Elephant & Castle Area layout framework

Elephant & Castle Southern Crossing

i-VALUL Urban layout valuation Centre vitality i-VALUL makes this impact tangible, measurable and visible. £ % Street quality Property value Residential security Personal safety Urban layout i-VALUL describes the impact of urban layout on different aspects of sustainable communities.

minimum standard excellence The “spatial DNA” of buildings D D A A A A C C B B B B C C D D Building A Building B Building C Building D Each building can be objectively assessed in terms of the layout properties that impact on patterns of use.

مشروع المركز المدني لجدة تحليل الموقع Jeddah Waterfront City centre re-planning exercise

Jeddah Weaknesses sprawl decay pollution

Align new streets with the Red Sea breeze & shade them

UrbanValue Layout valuation tools To measure & visualise layout indicators   UrbanValue is a suite of software tools that value the effects of urban layouts and social and economic outcomes including crime patterns and land values. A training programme for project partners has been undertaken and the tools are currently being tested by local authorities and community users in different contexts and at different scales across the Greater South East.

Spatial accessibility model of the South East  

Space A common language Architecture Town planning Urban economics Criminology Masterplanning Transport planning Health planning & design Environmental planning Space Location Land use Linkage Layout

Sustainable planning & design The importance of space sustainable planning & design space

Tim Stonor Managing Director Space Syntax t.stonor@spacesyntax.com www.spacesyntax.com