The Crisis of Authority: 1970’s (Ch.32) President Richard M. Nixon (1969-1974) Appealed to the “Silent Majority” of Americans Domestic Policy Dismantled the Great Society Programs New Federalism Revenue Sharing Working with a Democratic Congress Impounded Funds Rebuilding Republican Party by appealing to Southern Conservative Democrats Allowed the South to resist integration Vetoed an extension of Voting Rights Act Did not favor school busing Accused the Warren Court of being to liberal and appointed more conservative justices to the Supreme Court Regents of the University of California vs. Bakke 1978 Affirmative Action The Economy Stagflation Combating Stagflation Nixon’s Foreign Policy Realpolitik Henry Kissinger Détente China Soviet Union

Henry Kissinger and Richard Nixon Policy of Detente

The Crisis of Authority: 1970’s (Ch.32) SALT I Treaty Nixon Doctrine Problems in the Middle East Yom Kipper War (1973) OPEC The Oil Embargo’s impact on America Nixon’s Imperial Presidency The Plumbers The Pentagon Papers Election of 1972 Richard M. Nixon (R) George McGovern (D) George Wallace (I) An assassins bullet eliminated his quest for the presidency Watergate Occurred because Nixon believed he was above the law Nixon’s top advisors H.R. Haldeman: Nixon’s chief of staff John Ehrlichman: chief domestic advisor John Mitchell: Attorney general Bungled Burglary CRP Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein, reporters from the Washington Post kept the story alive

Election of 1972 George McGovern Richard Nixon George Wallace

W. Mark Felt “Deep Throat” Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein The Watergate “Five” (Bob Haldeman, John Mardian, Kenneth Parkinson, John Ehrlichman, and John Mitchell) Democratic National Committee Headquarters at the Watergate complex

The Crisis of Authority: 1970’s (Ch.32) The Cover Up Judge John Sirica James McCord John Dean Alexander Butterfield Fall of the President Saturday Night Massacre United States vs. Richard M. Nixon By July 1974 the House Judiciary Committee voted in favor of 3 articles of impeachment On August 8, 1974 Nixon resigned The Age of Limits President Gerald Ford (1974-1977) Pardoned Richard Nixon The Economy Recession Inflation Energy Crisis Foreign Policy Ford met with Leonid Brezhnev and signed the SALT II agreement Ford ordered two air strikes against Cambodia in 1975 after the Communist government sized the U.S. merchant ship in the Gulf of Siam

Nixon Resigns August 9, 1974

President Gerald Ford Pardons Richard Nixon

The Crisis of Authority: 1970’s (Ch.32) Election of 1976 Gerald Ford (R) Jimmy Carter (D) President Jimmy Carter (1977-1981) Problems with Congress Combating the Energy Crisis National Energy Act Problems with the Economy High Inflation High Unemployment Rustbelt Sunbelt Carter’s Social Welfare Programs Foreign Policy Human Rights Policy Collapse of Détente Panama Canal Treaty The Middle East Camp David Accords Iranian Hostage Crisis Carter’s Malaise Speech

Egyptian President Anwar el-Sadat (left), U.S. President Jimmy Carter, and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin shaking hands at the White House after signing the Camp David Accords peace treaty between Israel and Egypt, September 17, 1978.

Iranian Hostage Crisis lasted 444 days The hostages were released in January 1981 Lt. Col David Roeder and Col. Thomas E. Schaefer were two of the USAF servicemen who were among those freed. Jimmy Carter Shah of Iran