Operating Systems

What is an operating system? The computer’s most important program and is designed to run other programs Considered the backbone of the computer, managing both hardware and software resources Software component of the computer responsible for the management and coordination of activities and sharing of the computer’s resources Acts as host for application programs run on your computer

What is an operating system? Manages files on computer hard drives and controls peripherals like computers and scanners Responsible for everything from the control and allocation of memory to recognizing input from external devices and transmitting output to computer displays

Purpose Of An Operating System Controls the hardware and software so that the device it lives in behaves in a flexible but predictable way On the desktop computer: processor, memory (RAM), disk space, etc. On a cellphone/handheld device: keypad, screen, address book, phone dialer, battery, and network connection

Purpose Of An Operating System Organizes the hardware and software of a device or computer Makes sure that each application gets the necessary resources while playing nice with the other applications Allocates the limited capacity of the system to the greatest good of all the users and applications Provides a stable, consistent way for applications to deal with hardware without having to know all the details of the hardware

An OS could be classified as: Multi-user Enables multiple users to run programs simultaneously. Multi-processing Supports running a program on more than one CPU. Multi-tasking Makes it possible to run more than one program concurrently.

An OS could be classified as: Multi-threading Allows varied parts of a single program to run concurrently. Real time Responds to input instantly such as during navigation

Tasks of an OS Application interface Device management Memory management Processor management Storage management User interface

Popular Operating Systems

Linux A UNIX-like operating system and a prominent example of free software and open source development The name is derived from the Linux kernel (the central component of most operating systems) developed by Linus Torvalds in 1991. An OS predominantly used for servers but is also used by other computer hardware such as video game systems, arcade games, and embedded devices (such as cellphones and routers)

MacOS Owned by Apple Computers, company founded by Steve Jobs Graphic user interface (GUI) based operating system used by MacIntosh computers Introduced into the market 1 year ahead of Windows Proprietary software installed on apple products such as Mac desktops, notebooks, and embedded devices (iPod and iPhone)

Windows Owned by Microsoft, a company founded by Bill Gates Most widely used GUI based operating system First introduced in 1985 as an add-on to MS-DOS Can be found in desktops, laptops, servers, media center, tablet PC, and other embedded devices

OS Comparison

OS Comparison

Windows Desktop It is the working area of your computer Where shortcuts to your often used programs and files are located

Parts of the Windows Desktop Pointer Arrow used to select items on the screen Icon A picture that represents a program, file, or program Taskbar Horizontal bar at the bottom of the screen

Parts of the Windows Desktop Displays active tasks for easy access Quick launch Contains shortcuts to the most often used programs Start menu Contains the links to all the programs installed in your computer

Ubuntu 7.10

Ubuntu It is is a South African ethical ideology focusing on people's allegiances and relations with each other. Translation of the principle of Ubuntu "humanity towards others" "the belief in a universal bond of sharing that connects all humanity"

Login Window

Ubuntu desktop First thing you see when you login to your computer Place where you manage and run applications The default desktop environment for Ubuntu is GNOME, a leading UNIX and Linux desktop suite and development platform.

Panels The task bars located along the top and bottom of the screen Can be customized to contain a variety of tools, such as other menus and launchers, and small utility applications, called panel applets. Default settings: Top panel contains: GNOME main menu bar, date and time, HELP Bottom panel contains: list of open windows, workspace switcher Panels

Desktop Right Click Properties

Right Click USB Properties

Right Click Folder Properties

Window

Ubuntu Window Similar to Windows Explorer You can display multiple windows on your desktop at the same time Has a title bar which allows you to minimize, maximize, or close the window

Copying Files

Workspaces You can subdivide your desktop into workspaces Each workspace can contain several windows, allowing you to group related tasks together.

Right Click Trash Bin Properties

Applications

Places

System

Mouse Actions

Global Shortcut Keys

Shortcut Keys