Created by Lynne Crandall University of Michigan Revised by Mark Kondrak CLA Language Center University of Minnesota Content by Karen Davis NCS Slavic Department image licensed from CartoonStock Ltd. Verbs

500 500 500 500 500 400 400 400 400 400 300 300 300 300 300 200 200 200 200 200 100 100 100 100 100 Mode & Mood Verb Types Tense & Aspect Voice & the Actor Modal Auxiliaries

This modal expresses the future and determination. Modal Auxiliaries 100 Points

Modal Auxiliaries 100 Points WILL It will rain tomorrow. I will finish on time.

Modal Auxiliaries 200 Points This modal expresses permission and probability.

MAY He may take the money. Modal Auxiliaries 200 Points

Modal Auxiliaries 300 Points This modal expresses responsibility and prediction

Modal Auxiliaries 300 Points SHOULD You should get to work on time. The package should arrive Tuesday.

This modal expresses habit and unreality. Modal Auxiliaries 400 Points

WOULD He would go dancing every week. I would buy it if they had it. Modal Auxiliaries 400 Points

This modal expresses obligation and deduction. Modal Auxiliaries 500 Points

MUST You must love your father. Modal Auxiliaries 500 Points

In this voice the actor is the grammatical subject. Voice & the Actor 100 Points

Voice & the Actor 100 Points ACTIVE The man plants the flowers.

Voice & the Actor 200 Points In this voice the actor is in a ‘by’ phrase.

PASSIVE The flowers are planted by the man. Voice & the Actor 200 Points

Voice & the Actor 300 Points In this voice the actor is impossible to express.

Voice & the Actor 300 Points MIDDLE The flowers cut easily.

In this voice the actor is optional. Voice & the Actor 400 Points

PASSIVE The flowers are planted. Voice & the Actor 400 Points

In this voice the actor is expressed in a ‘with’ clause Voice & the Actor 500 Points

LOCATIVE FOCUS The flowers are crawling with bugs. Voice & the Actor 500 Points

This expresses what is happening right now, at the moment of speech. Tense & Aspect 100 Points

Tense & Aspect 100 Points PRESENT PROGRESSIVE I am reading.

Tense & Aspect 200 Points This is used for ‘timeless’ or ‘eternal’ events.

SIMPLE PRESENT The sun shines. Tense & Aspect 200 Points

Tense & Aspect 300 Points This is used for events which are over.

Tense & Aspect 300 Points SIMPLE PAST I graduated from college.

This expresses events which were over before the time of the sentence. Tense & Aspect 400 Points

PAST PERFECT I had read the book before the movie came out. Tense & Aspect 400 Points

This expresses events which began in the past and are still continuing. Tense & Aspect 500 Points

PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE He has been living here since he was 10. Tense & Aspect 500 Points

These verbs cannot have objects. Verb Types 100 Points

Verb Types 100 Points INTRANSITIVE The dog runs.

Verb Types 200 Points These verbs have one object.

TRANSITIVE I saw the dog. Verb Types 200 Points

Verb Types 300 Points These verbs have two objects.

Verb Types 300 Points DITRANSITIVE I gave the dog a bone.

These verbs are used to create tenses, aspects, moods, questions, and negations. Verb Types 400 Points

AUXILLARIES Have you seen the dog? The dog isn’t running. The dog must be locked up. Verb Types 400 Points

These verbs treat pronoun objects differently from noun objects. Verb Types 500 Points

PHRASAL VERBS He locked up the dog. He locked it up. Verb Types 500 Points

This is for statements. Mode & Mood 100 Points

Mode & Mood 100 Points DECLARATIVE The man watched the race.

Mode & Mood 200 Points This is for contradictions.

NEGATIVE He did not bet on the race. Mode & Mood 200 Points

Mode & Mood 300 Points This is for giving orders.

Mode & Mood 300 Points IMPERATIVE Keep your money in your wallet!

This is for asking questions. Mode & Mood 400 Points

INTERROGATIVE Did the man bet on the race? Mode & Mood 400 Points

This is for irrealis (contrary to fact). Mode & Mood 500 Points

SUBJUNCTIVE / CONDITIONAL Had the man bet on the race, he would have been breaking the law. Mode & Mood 500 Points

VERBS RULE!

The Daily Double