Cambodia

2 Basic socio-demographic indicators HIV prevalence and epidemiological status (1995-2009) Risk behaviors (2005-2007) Vulnerability and HIV knowledge (2000-2007) HIV expenditure (2001-2008) National Response (2001-2009) Archives CONTENT

3 BASIC SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS Source: 1. UN Statistics Division. (2010). Social Indicators, 2. UN Population Division. (2009). World Population Prospects The 2008 Revision. 3. UNFPA. (2010). State of World Population 2010, 4. Word Bank. World Data Bank: World Development Indicators & Global Development Finance. Retrieved January, 2011, from http://databank.worldbank.org/ddp/home.do?Step=12&id=4&CNO=2 5. WHO. (2010). World Health Statistics 2010, 6. UNDP. (2010). Human Development Report 2010

Risk behaviours

5 % of condom use at last commercial sex among direct and indirect female sex workers, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Center for HIV/AIDS, Dermatology and STDs Cambodia, FHI, et al. (2007). Cambodia 2007 Behavioral Surveillance Survey.

6 % of female sex workers who had unprotected sex with sweethearts in the past 3 months, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Center for HIV/AIDS, Dermatology and STDs Cambodia, FHI, et al. (2007). Cambodia 2007 Behavioral Surveillance Survey.

7 % of direct and indirect FSWs who had sex with a non paying partner (sweetheart) in the past year, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Center for HIV/AIDS, Dermatology and STDs Cambodia, FHI, et al. (2007). Cambodia 2007 Behavioral Surveillance Survey.

8 Status of sexual activity and condom use with clients among direct and indirect sex workers in the past week, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Center for HIV/AIDS, Dermatology and STDs Cambodia, FHI, et al. (2007). Cambodia 2007 Behavioral Surveillance Survey.

9 % indirect FSWs who sold sex in the past year, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Center for HIV/AIDS, Dermatology and STDs Cambodia, FHI, et al. (2007). Cambodia 2007 Behavioral Surveillance Survey.

10 Specific sexual behaviors among short hair MSM in the last month, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Chhorvann, C. (2008). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: Behavioral Sentinel Surveillance 2007

11 Specific sexual behaviors among long hair MSM in the last month, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Chhorvann, C. (2008). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: Behavioral Sentinel Surveillance 2007

12 Specific sexual behaviors among short hair and long hair MSM in the last month, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Chhorvann, C. (2008). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: Behavioral Sentinel Surveillance 2007 Long hair MSM- identified themselves as female and adopt feminine attitude Short hair MSM- not identified themselves as female

13 % of condom use at last sex among MSM with different types of sexual partners, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Center for HIV/AIDS, Dermatology and STDs Cambodia, FHI, et al. (2007). Cambodia 2007 Behavioral Surveillance Survey.

14 Unprotected sex in the past month by partner type among men who have sex with men, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Center for HIV/AIDS, Dermatology and STDs Cambodia, FHI, et al. (2007). Cambodia 2007 Behavioral Surveillance Survey.

15 % of short and long hair MSM with selected sexual behaviors, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Center for HIV/AIDS, Dermatology and STDs Cambodia, FHI, et al. (2007). Cambodia 2007 Behavioral Surveillance Survey. Long hair MSM- identified themselves as female and adopt feminine attitude Short hair MSM- not identified themselves as female

16 % reported sexual behaviors among short and long hair MSM with male partner, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Center for HIV/AIDS, Dermatology and STDs Cambodia, FHI, et al. (2007). Cambodia 2007 Behavioral Surveillance Survey. Long hair MSM- identified themselves as female and adopt feminine attitude Short hair MSM- not identified themselves as female

17 % reported sexual behaviors among short and long hair MSM with female partner, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Center for HIV/AIDS, Dermatology and STDs Cambodia, FHI, et al. (2007). Cambodia 2007 Behavioral Surveillance Survey. Long hair MSM- identified themselves as female and adopt feminine attitude Short hair MSM- not identified themselves as female

18 Sources to get clean needles and syringes among IDUs in 4 Provinces, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Phalkun, M. (2008 ). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: HIV Prevalence among Drug Users 2007 in Cambodia.

19 % of IDU who shared needles and syringes at the last injection, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Phalkun, M. (2008 ). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: HIV Prevalence among Drug Users 2007 in Cambodia.

20 % of IDU who never injected with used needles and syringes at the past month, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Phalkun, M. (2008 ). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: HIV Prevalence among Drug Users 2007 in Cambodia.

21 Selected sexual behaviors of IDUs in 4 Provinces, 2007 Cross –sectional study of 528 IDU and non-IDU in 4 Provinces, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Phalkun, M. (2008 ). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: HIV Prevalence among Drug Users 2007 in Cambodia.

22 % of IDUs having various types of commercial sexual partners in the last 12 months, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Phalkun, M. (2008 ). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: HIV Prevalence among Drug Users 2007 in Cambodia.

23 % of IDUs using condoms in 4 provinces, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Phalkun, M. (2008 ). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: HIV Prevalence among Drug Users 2007 in Cambodia.

24 % of IDUs and drug users who used a condom at the last commercial sex, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Phalkun, M. (2008 ). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: HIV Prevalence among Drug Users 2007 in Cambodia.

25 % of IDUs and drug users who reported consistent condom use during commercial sex in the past year, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Phalkun, M. (2008 ). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: HIV Prevalence among Drug Users 2007 in Cambodia.

26 % of IDUs using condoms with regular and non-regular partners, 2007 Cross –sectional study of 528 IDU and non-IDU in 4 Provinces, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Phalkun, M. (2008 ). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: HIV Prevalence among Drug Users 2007 in Cambodia.

27 % of moto-taxi drivers with selected sexual behaviors during last year, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Center for HIV/AIDS, Dermatology and STDs Cambodia, FHI, et al. (2007). Cambodia 2007 Behavioral Surveillance Survey.

28 % of moto-taxi drivers who bought sex in the past year by type of partner, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Center for HIV/AIDS, Dermatology and STDs Cambodia, FHI, et al. (2007). Cambodia 2007 Behavioral Surveillance Survey.

29 % of moto-taxi drivers who used a condom at last sex by type of partner, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Center for HIV/AIDS, Dermatology and STDs Cambodia, FHI, et al. (2007). Cambodia 2007 Behavioral Surveillance Survey.

30 Percentage of motor-taxi drivers who consistently used condom with sex workers in the last 3 months, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Chhorvann, C. (2008). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: Behavioral Sentinel Surveillance 2007

31 % of FSWs reported the no. of clients in last working day, 2005 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Centre for HIV/AIDS Dermatology and STD Cambodia, FHI, ADB, et al. (2006). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: Cambodian STI Survey 2005- Key Risk Behaviors and STI Prevalence. 1.3 58 39 2 0 40 80 0 1-3 4-10 10+ (%) (Number) Mean=3.5 N=1081

32 % of FSWs reported always used condom, 2005 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Centre for HIV/AIDS Dermatology and STD Cambodia, FHI, ADB, et al. (2006). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: Cambodian STI Survey 2005- Key Risk Behaviors and STI Prevalence. (%) Sweetheart refers to “romantic” partner who does not live with respondent. A sweetheart does not necessarily involve sexual intercourse (non marital and non commercial). Causal partner refers to sexual partner who is neither living with, married to, or sweetheart of the respondent.

33 % of FSWs reported forced or convinced not to use condoms in the past week, 2005 Yes No Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Centre for HIV/AIDS Dermatology and STD Cambodia, FHI, ADB, et al. (2006). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: Cambodian STI Survey 2005- Key Risk Behaviors and STI Prevalence.

34 Number of female sex partners of MSM in the past year, 2005 (%) N=211 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Centre for HIV/AIDS Dermatology and STD Cambodia, FHI, ADB, et al. (2006). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: Cambodian STI Survey 2005- Key Risk Behaviors and STI Prevalence. (Number)

35 % of MSM reported having sex with women in the past month, 2005 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Centre for HIV/AIDS Dermatology and STD Cambodia, FHI, ADB, et al. (2006). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: Cambodian STI Survey 2005: Key Risk Behaviors and STI Prevalence. 15 11.5 10.4 4.7 24.9 16.6 14.1 4 0 20 40 With FSW With Casual partner With Sweetheart With Female client Phnom Penh Provinces (%) Sweetheart refers to “romantic” partner who does not live with respondent. A sweetheart does not necessarily involve sexual intercourse (non marital and non commercial). Causal partner refers to sexual partner who is neither living with, married to, or sweetheart of the respondent.

36 No. of male sex partners of MSM in the past year, 2005 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Centre for HIV/AIDS Dermatology and STD Cambodia, FHI, ADB, et al. (2006). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: Cambodian STI Survey 2005: Key Risk Behaviors and STI Prevalence. 25.7 53.3 13.2 7.7 37 49.6 7.7 5.7 0 40 80 1 2-5 6-10 11+ Phnom Penh Provinces (%) N=518 (Number)

37 % of MSM reported selling sex in past week, 2005 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Centre for HIV/AIDS Dermatology and STD Cambodia, FHI, ADB, et al. (2006). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: Cambodian STI Survey 2005 - Key Risk Behaviors and STI Prevalence. N=254 26.6 28.8 18.2 17.1 0 20 40 1 paying partner >1 paying partner Phnom Penh Provinces (%)

38 % of MSM reported consistent condom use with female partners in the past month, 2005 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Centre for HIV/AIDS Dermatology and STD Cambodia, FHI, ADB, et al. (2006). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: Cambodian STI Survey 2005 - Key Risk Behaviors and STI Prevalence. (%) Sweetheart refers to “romantic” partner who does not live with respondent. A sweetheart does not necessarily involve sexual intercourse (non marital and non commercial). Causal partner refers to sexual partner who is neither living with, married to, or sweetheart of the respondent.

39 % of MSM reported consistent condom use with male partners in the past month, 2005 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Centre for HIV/AIDS Dermatology and STD Cambodia, FHI, ADB, et al. (2006). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: Cambodian STI Survey 2005 - Key Risk Behaviors and STI Prevalence. Sweetheart refers to “romantic” partner who does not live with respondent. A sweetheart does not necessarily involve sexual intercourse (non marital and non commercial). Causal partner refers to sexual partner who is neither living with, married to, or sweetheart of the respondent. (%) 48.7 54.6 63.1 65.6 18 23.1 17.8 18.5 0 50 100 With male sweatheart With casual male With male client With MSW Phnom Penh Provinces

40 % of MSM reported always use condom during anal sex in the past month, 2005 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Centre for HIV/AIDS Dermatology and STD Cambodia, FHI, ADB, et al. (2006). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: Cambodian STI Survey 2005 - Key Risk Behaviors and STI Prevalence. 70.8 20.1 47.8 15.9 0 40 80 Insertive anal sex Receptive anal sex Phnom Penh Provinces (%)

41 % of police reported always using condoms in the past 3 months, 2005 (%) Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Centre for HIV/AIDS Dermatology and STD Cambodia, FHI, ADB, et al. (2006). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: Cambodian STI Survey 2005 - Key Risk Behaviors and STI Prevalence.

42 % of population (15-49) who have had sexual intercourse with more than one partner in the past 12 months reporting the use of a condom, 2005 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey, 2005. Cited in National AIDS Authority Cambodia. (2008). UNGASS Country Progress Report: Cambodia 40.4 12.3 83.2 73 22.7 39.2 0 50 100 Male Female 15-19 20-24 25-49 Gender Age Total (%) Low level of condom use

43 % of population (15-24) who had sexual intercourse before age 15, 2000 and 2005 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on 1. National Institute of Statistics. (2000). Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 2000, and 2.National Institute of Public Health, National Institute of Statistics Cambodia, & ORC Macro. (2006). Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 2005 (%) Female, 2000 Female, 2005 Male, 2005 Age 1.0 0.7 1.2 0.5 0.9 1.1 1.2 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.8 0 2 15-19 20-24 15-17 18-19 20-22 23-24 0.3

44 % of unmarried population (18-24) who had sexual intercourse before age 18, 2005 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Institute of Public Health, National Institute of Statistics Cambodia, & ORC Macro. (2006). Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 2005 Age

Archives

Risk behaviours

47 % of men in high risk occupational groups who reported the consistent condom use with sex workers in the last 3 months, 1997-2003 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Sopheab, H., Morineau, G., & Gorbach, M. (2005). Cambodia 2003 Behavioral Surveillance Survey (BSS) - HIV/AIDS Related Sexual Behavior among Urban Sentinel Groups. (%) Year

48 Socio-demographic characteristics of IDUs in 4 Provinces, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Phalkun, M. (2008 ). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: HIV Prevalence among Drug Users 2007 in Cambodia.

49 Percentage of IDUs seeking specific places for treatment of STI symptoms in the last year Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Phalkun, M. (2008 ). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: HIV Prevalence among Drug Users 2007 in Cambodia. Cross –sectional study of 528 IDU and non-IDU in 4 Provinces, 2007

50 Percentage of IDUs using specific sources to get condoms, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Phalkun, M. (2008 ). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: HIV Prevalence among Drug Users 2007 in Cambodia. Cross –sectional study of 528 IDU and non-IDU in 4 Provinces, 2007

51 Place of living among IDUs in 4 Provinces, 2007 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Phalkun, M. (2008 ). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: HIV Prevalence among Drug Users 2007 in Cambodia.

52 Average of no. of sexual partners in the lifetime of population (15-49), 2005 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Institute of Public Health, National Institute of Statistics Cambodia, & ORC Macro. (2006). Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 2005 (Number) Age 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 4.3 3.7 4.4 4.9 4.5 4.5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 15-24 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-39 40-49 Female Male

53 % of population (15-49) who reported more than one partner in the last 12 months, 2005 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Institute of Public Health, National Institute of Statistics Cambodia, & ORC Macro. (2006). Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 2005 (%) For 15-19 yr male, n = 91 Age 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.2 19.3 30.8 17.6 10.9 8.1 5.2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 15-24 yr 15-19 yr 20-24 yr 25-29 yr 30-39 yr 40-49 yr Female Male

54 % of population (15-49) reporting more than one partner in the last 12 months, 2005 (Cont.) Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Institute of Public Health, National Institute of Statistics Cambodia, & ORC Macro. (2006). Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 2005 (%) 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4 3.4 8.0 13.3 4.5 6.0 5.5 9.6 18.7 0 10 20 no education primary secondary and higher lowest second middle fourth highest Education Wealth quintile Female Male

55 % of men (15-49) who paid for sexual intercourse in last 12 months, 2005 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Institute of Public Health, National Institute of Statistics Cambodia, & ORC Macro. (2006). Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 2005 (%) 6.0 2.5 10.7 11.2 5.4 2.5 12.7 4.4 0 5 10 15 15-24 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-39 40-49 urban rural Age Residence

56 % of men (15-49) who paid for sexual intercourse in last 12 months, 2005 (Cont.) Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Institute of Public Health, National Institute of Statistics Cambodia, & ORC Macro. (2006). Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 2005 (%) 2.1 4.7 7.8 1.3 3.0 2.9 6.4 12.7 5.8 0 5 10 15 no education primary secondary and higher lowest second middle fourth highest Male Education Wealth quintile Total

57 % of MSM reported having sex with men in the past month, 2005 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Centre for HIV/AIDS Dermatology and STD Cambodia, FHI, ADB, et al. (2006). NCHADS Dissemination Presentation: Cambodian STI Survey 2005 - Key Risk Behaviors and STI Prevalence. (%) 66 44 63.1 14.4 85.5 66.1 17.8 11.7 0 50 100 With male sweatheart With casual male With male client With MSW Phnom Penh Provinces Sweetheart refers to “romantic” partner who does not live with respondent. A sweetheart does not necessarily involve sexual intercourse (non marital and non commercial). Causal partner refers to sexual partner who is neither living with, married to, or sweetheart of the respondent.

58 % MSM reported male-to-male sex in the past month, 2005 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National Centre for HIV/AIDS Dermatology and STD Cambodia, FHI, ADB, et al. (2006). Cambodian STI Survey 2005: Key Risk Behaviors and STI Prevalence. (%) 32.6 53.5 60.54 58.6 55.4 40.73 0 40 80 Insertive anal sex Receptive anal sex Gave oral sex Phnom Penh Provinces

59 THANK YOU slides compiled by www.aidsdatahub.org Data shown in this slide set are comprehensive to the extent they are available from country reports. Please inform us if you know of sources where more recent data can be used. Please acknowledge www.aidsdatahub.org if slides are lifted directly from this site