Involving Schools in Community Led Total Sanitation Presented at AfricaSan 3 Conference By Atnafe Beyene, CLTS Project Coordinator Plan International Ethiopia 20th July 2011

The Context Administrative Division of Ethiopia Divided into Nine Regions and two administrations( 80 million) Regions are divided into Zones Zones into Weredas/Districts (817) Districts are divided into kebeles (16,253 )ie. the smallest Adm. Unit. Size of a kebele is 800 Hectares. Kebeles are divided into Development Units/Yelmat Buden( 25-30 HHs) A Kebele has a Manger, Chairperson, a Health Post with two Health Extension Workers, a school with a primary school or higher( grade 1-4, or 1-6 or 1-8 etc.)

The Conventional Approach to CLTS It was implemented using mainly the Health Sector Institutions ie the District Health Officers and the Health Post where there are two Health Extension Workers. The problem to this approach was that the triggering was taking many days and the monitoring efficiency was low though there are CLTS coordinating committee at different levels.

Involving Schools in CLTS-steps in triggering using schools Discussions are made with the government Health and Education sectors and Plan and agreement reached. All teachers are trained in CLTS facilitation At the end of the training, Plan of Action is discussed and approved. Students are grouped by their Development Units irrespective of their grade. All households in the Development Units are registered on a monitoring format prepared for this purpose. All students in the school are triggered by the trained teachers, section by section using their school latrine and surrounding OD situation and local game plays which help them to internalize sanitation and hygiene concerns as per the details in the guide prepared for this purpose. Conduct school sanitation campaign cleaning the whole school compound,. Conduct pre-triggering planning using the format prepared for this purpose for community triggering.:

Involving Schools in CLTS….cont’d 9. Conduct triggering at the specified locations; establish a Shit Eradication Committee of six members for each Development Unit level composed of two school children and four adults of both sexes equally. 10. Monitoring:

Involving Schools in CLTS….cont’d The students take every Friday of the week the monitoring format and fill the format visiting the households with the Shit Eradication Committee members.. The students bring the format back on Monday morning and give to the Development Unit triggering lead facilitator teacher who compiles the summary for that Development Unit/s/ into the summary format. The school CLTS Technical Committee discusses on the progress from Tuesday to Thursday and including their comments send the summary report to the Secretary of the kebele CLTS Technical Committee ie the Health Extension Worker. The Kebele CLTS Technical Team meets every fifteen days and discusses on the progress and sends the report to the wereda/District Health Office with a copy to the Wereda Education Office. The Wereda/District CLTS Technical committee reviews the progress and sends the report to the Zone Health Office with a copy to the Zone Education Office. When all finish construction latrines verification is done.

Monitoring format

Making a slab from a stone

Local innovation

Monitoring cards

Drama against OD

Involving Schools in CLTS….cont’d Benefits and out comes of this approach. The kebele people are triggered in a very short period of time unlike the conventional approach. The news of shit eradication becomes the news of the day for the whole kebele. Students improved their use of the school latrine and the latrines became cleaner. Consciousness of students and teachers and the community at large increased on hygiene and sanitation. “Hygiene and sanitation became the business of every body” as some say. Children were made the vanguards of hygiene and sanitation activities from their early ages which will continue to adulthood. Teachers started researching on the progress of improvement in Sanitation and Hygiene Ladders. In Shebedino PU, out of 13 kebeles that declared ODF from October 2010 to June 2011 nine of them used SLTS, two SLTS and CLTS and two kebeles through the conventional approach. The total HHs of this kebeles are 14992 with a total population of 73164.

“Burry Chilo/Arr/Shit Not Human Beings”. Fura kebele slogan