MEMORY STORAGE 1 sunray @ PSIS

You Will Learn… About the different kinds of physical memory and how they work How to upgrade and troubleshoot memory About Windows memory management 2

Storage Devices 3

KEY CONCEPT 4

Primary and Secondary Storage 5

Primary Storage Devices Memory, or RAM, located on motherboard and other circuit boards Volatile versus nonvolatile (or ROM) memory Types of boards that hold memory chips SIMMs (Single In-line Memory Module ) DIMMs (Dual In-line Memory Module ) RIMMs (not an acronym but a trademark of Rambus Inc.) 6

RAM Chips 7

Types of RAM Modules 8

Pentium 4 RAM Guide 9

Secondary Storage Devices Hard drives CD-ROM drives DVD drives Zip drives Floppy drives 10

Hard Drive 11

EIDE Technology Used by most hard drives, CD-ROM drives, and DVD drives Can accommodate up to four EIDE devices on one system 12

IDE Connectors on a Motherboard 13

IDE Connectors on a Motherboard (continued) 14

IDE Connectors on a Motherboard 15

Hard Drive’s Power Supply 16

Floppy Drive Connection 17

Floppy Drive Connection (continued) 18

CD-ROM Drive Connection 19

Motherboard Components Used for Communication Among Devices The data bus System of pathways used for communication and the protocol and methods used for transmission 20

The Bus and Bus Lines 21

Data Bus 22

System Clock 23

Clock Speed Of motherboard Measured in megahertz (MHz) Of CPU Measured in gigahertz (GHz) 24

Instructions Stored on the Motherboard ROM BIOS (most are flash ROM) System BIOS Startup BIOS CMOS setup 25

ROM BIOS Chip 26

Motherboard Configuration Settings CMOS chip Stores setup (configuration) information Powered by a battery on motherboard when power is off Setup information can also be set by jumpers and DIP switches 27

CMOS Configuration Chip 28

Setting Jumpers 29

Using DIP Switches 30

Summary Introduction to hardware components of a computer system Initial insight into how hardware works 31