PRESENT PERFECT For - Since

FORM Examples: You‘ve seen that film twice. You haven’t been to Rome. Have you washed your car?

1. Experience. You can use the Present Perfect to describe your experience. It is similar to: "I have the experience of..." It expresses an action that has taken place once, never or several times before the moment of speaking. The Present Perfect is NOT used to describe a specific event.      I've never been to London        I've read this book twice     I've never seen a ghost Conversations often begin in the present perfect (with a general question) and then change to the past simple (with questions asking for specific details, when, where, who with, etc.)    - Have you ever been to Rome?      - Yes, I have.      - When did you go?      - I went there two years ago. USE

2. To express an action which happened in the past but has an influence on the present. The action is finished but the result still lasts. He's lost his keys (He has no keys NOW!!!)      He's lost 10 kilos (He’s thinner NOW!!!) I’ve washed my car (It’s clean NOW!!!)

3. To express an action which finished just before speaking. We normally use JUST with it.  I've just washed my car      He's just rung me      She's just told me the news These expressions are normally translated as Acabo de rentar el cotxe or Acabo de lavar el coche

4. Multiple Actions at Different Times. We use the Present Perfect to talk about different actions which have occurred in the past at different times. Present Perfect suggests the process is not complete and more actions are possible (present, and probably future). I have had four quizzes and five tests so far this term. She has won several awards. The Present Perfect is usually used with the following adverbs: so far, up to now, till now, this week/month/year, in the last /month/year, …. We have published 10 books in the last year. I’ve eaten too many ice creams today. She’s had three traffic fines this month. We’ve read several texts this course.

5. To express an action which started in the past and is still going on. These actions are usually expressed with FOR (+a period of time) and SINCE (+starting point in the past).       I've lived in Palamós for ages     We've had this car for ten years     He's known her since 2001 Use How long...? to ask questions about the duration of an action or state. How long have you lived here? I’ve lived here for 10 years How long has he known her? He’s known her since they were 20

For – Since WATCH the following pictures and, according to the information given, MAKE sentences in present perfect using the verb in brackets with for or since . Example: bought house | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2000 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 2012 They (have) ……… They’ve had their house FOR 11 years / SINCE 2001.

For – Since 1. started her job in an office | | | | | | _ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2000 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 2012 She (work in an office) ……… She’s worked in an office since 2003 / for 9 years

For – Since 2. had a baby (he cries a lot during the night) | | | | | | _ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2000 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 2012 They (not sleep properly) ……… They haven’t slept properly since 2010 / for 2 years

For – Since 3. started university | | | | | | _ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2000 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 2012 She (study at the university) ……… She’s studied at university since 2009 / for 3 years

For – Since 4. started his job as a cook | | | | | | _ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2000 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 2012 He (be a cook) ……… He’s been a cook since 2007 / for 5 years

For – Since 5. bought this washing machine | | | | | | _ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2000 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 2012 I (have this washing machine) ……… I’ve had this washing machine since 2004 / for 8 years

For – Since 6. moved to London | | | | | | _ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2000 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 2012 They (live in London) ……… They have lived in London since 2003 / for 9 years

For – Since 7. got married | | | | | | _ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2000 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 2012 They (be married) ……… They’ve been married since 2000 / for 12 years

For – Since 8. met Mary | | | | | | _ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2000 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 2012 Peter (know Mary) ……… Peter has known Mary since 2005 / for 7 years

For – Since 9. started playing the piano | | | | | | _ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2000 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 2012 George (play the piano) ……… George has played the piano since 2003 / for 9 years

For – Since 10. last went to the beach | | | | | | _ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2000 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 2012 She (not be to the beach) ……… She hasn’t been to the beach since 2011/last year / for 1 year

For – Since 11. snowed | | | | | | _ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2000 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 2012 It (not snow) ……… It hasn’t snowed since 2010 / for 2 years