Understanding your child’s Development Parents are the first and foremost educators of their children. How can parents support the educational setting’s learning program at home? Presented by: Kim Roberts

Behaviourism Parenting styles (Baumrind, 1973, 1991, in Barnes, 1995) Baumrind suggests there are 4 styles of parenting: Authoritarian- Dictatorial style, low relationships with child, high control. Permissive- Easy- going, low control, high relationships. Uninvolved- Unresponsive to needs of child ,low control, low Relationships. *Authoritative- Democratic style, guide, support, encourage, high relationships, high control. Children raised by parents who follow this parenting style tend to be higher achievers. Reinforcement

Cognitive Development Piaget divided child development into 4 stages: (Piaget cited in Vialle et al. 2008. p 53.)

Language Development The Interactionist perspective is the most recent theory on language development. It takes in account both nature and nurture having an impact on language development and is based around the idea that children learn through social interactions. There are 4 components of language these include; Phonology - study of speech and sounds. Semantics – meaning of words. Grammar - rules that govern the use of language. Pragmatics – appropriate and effective use of language. Child directed speech (CDS)

Intelligence What is intelligence? Write your ideas on the lines provided. (15 second pause) IQ (intelligence quotient) Howard Gardener proposed 7 types of intelligence these include: Linguistic- Language. speaking, writing and signing. Logical- mathematical- Solving problems, patterns, categories. Spatial- Three- dimensional information, maps and drawings. Musical- Compose, perform or understand music. Bodily- Kinesthetic-Fine and gross motor skills. Interpersonal- Understand and communicate with others. Intrapersonal- Metacognitive skills, own thoughts and feelings.

Information Processing & Memory Memory and strategies to improve it. Eg. “Read, Cover, Write, Check” Recognition, Recall and Reconstruction Cognitive load theory (Sweller, van Merrinboer & Paas, 1998 cited Vialle et al, 2008, p 88) Learning aids, Specific instruction and Segmentation Encoding Temporary storage Permanent storage Held up to 5 seconds Held up to 20 seconds Held indefinitely Sensory Register STM LTM OUTPUT INPUT Decay Decay Decay? Store model (Atkinson & Shiffrin, 1968)