D.A.V. Centenary Public school Meerut Social Science Project OF Disaster management ON TSUNAMI SESSION- 2011-2012 SUBMITTED TO:MR. SHIV KUMAR TYAGI SUBMITTED BY:DIVYANSH TYAGI ROLL NO:15

THE KILLER SEA WAVE TSUNAMI SUBMITTED BY DIVYANSH TYAGI XA SUBMITTED TO: MR. SHIV KR. TYAGI

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT To acknowledge the efforts of the people , who extend to me their kind support, is certainly not an easy job . The reason is that there were to many people who helped me directly or indirectly in my efforts that it would require another report of this magnitude to acknowledgement the kindness of all the persons. I would like to give my special thanks to Mr. Shiv Kumar Tyagi my social science teacher for providing guidance throughout this project to this completion.

CONTENTS Causes Of Tsunami How Tsunami is created Important Facts About Tsunami Ways Of Detecting Tsunami What To Do Before Tsunami What To Do During Tsunami What To Do After Tsunami What To Do If You Are At Risk From Tsunami What To Do If You Are On Ship Or Boat Impact Of Tsunami

INTRODUCTION The term Tsunami is derived from the Japanese term Tsu meaning “harbour” and Nami means “Waves”. It is a wave or series of waves generated in a body of water by impulsive disturbance that vertically displaces the water column.

CAUSES OF TSUNAMI EARTQUAKE VOLCANIC ERUPTOIN LANDSLIDES EXPLOSIONS FLOOD

How tsunami is created Whenever an earthquake occurs beneath the sea , the water above the deformed area is displaced from its equilibrium position. Eruption in sea floor pushes water upward starting the wave . These waves move rapidly in deep ocean reaching speeds of up to 500Km/hr.

As the wave approaches towards coast its speed slows down but its height grows. Tsunami reaches the coast with tremendous amount of energy destroying its path.

CHARCTERISTICS OF TSUNAMI A Tsunami can have a wavelength in excess of 100Km and speed of more than 50Km/hr. A Tsunami consists of series of waves. Often the first wave may not be the largest. The danger from subsequent tsunami waves can last for several hours after the arrival of the first wave.

The force of tsunami is enormous . Large rocks weighing several tons along with boats and other debris can be moved inland several meters by tsunami wave activity. Homes and other buildings are destroyed. All floating material and water move with great force and kill or injure people.

IMPORTANT FACTS ABOUT TSUNAMI Some tsunami can be very large. In coastal areas their height may be as great as 10m or more. All low -lying coastal areas can be stuck by tsunamis. Tsunamis can occur at any time of day or night. Tsunamis can travel up rivers and streams that lead to the ocean.

DIFFERENT WAYS OF DETECTING TSUNAMI SATELLITE TECHNOLOGY NATURAL WAYS

Natural way of detecting tsunami Sometimes a tsunami causes the water near the shore to recede , exposing the ocean floor. This is nature’s tsunami warning and should be heeded.

SATELLITE TECHNOLOGY Under water earthquakes are monitored by sensors on the floor of the sea. The sensors pass on the information to floating buoys on the surface whenever they detect any change in sea pressure. Information is then relayed to satellites which pass it on to the earth stations People are alerted through the media to take all necessary precautions

TSUNAMI DETECTORS Tsunami detectors , linked to land by submarine cables, are deployed 50 odd kilometers out at sea . “tsunameters” transmit warnings of buoys on the sea surface, which relay it to satellites.

WHAT TO DO BEFORE TSUNAMI Find out if your home, school, workplace, or other frequently visited locations are in the tsunami hazard prone areas. Know the height of your street above sea level and the distant of your street from the coast or other high – risk waters. Plan evacuation roots from your home , school , workplace or any other place you could be where tsunamis present a risk.

Practice your evacuation routes. Have disaster supplies on hand. Discuss tsunami with your family. Develop an emergency communication plan .

IF YOU ARE AT RISK FROM TSUNAMI Avoid building or living in buildings within several hundred feet of the coastline. Make a list of items to bring inside in the event of a tsunami. Elevate coastal homes. Take precautions to prevent flooding.

WHAT TO DO DURING TSUNAMI Take your disaster supplies will make you more comfortable during the evacuation. If you evacuate , take your animals with you. If you are at the beach or near the ocean and you feel the earth shake , move immediately to higher ground . Do not wait for tsunami warning to be announced .

WHAT TO DO IF YOU ARE ON SHIP Do not return to port if you are at sea and a tsunami warning has been issued for your area.

IF THERE IS TIME TO MOVE YOUR BOAT OR SHIP FROM PORT TO DEEP WATER , YOU SHOULD WEIGH THE FOLLOWING CONSIDERATIONS : Most large harbors and ports are under the control of a harbor/port authority. Keep in contact with the authorities .Contact the harbor authority before returning to port .

Smaller ports may not be under the control of the port authority . Owners of small boats may find it safest to leave their boat at the pier and physically move to higher grounds .

WHAT TO DO AFTER TSUNAMI Examine walls , floors, doors etc. to make sure that the building is not in danger of collapsing. Use battery – powered lanterns s or flashlights when examining buildings . DO NOT USE CANDLES . Watch for loose plaster , drywall , that could fall.

IMPACTS OF TSUNAMI FLOODS: The force of tsunami can cause floods in the coastal areas

DESTRUCTION: Due to high energy tsunami can crush homes and other coastal areas.

HUMAN LOSS: All floating materials in water move with great force which can kill or injure people.

TSUNAMI PICTURES

BIBLIOGRAPHY WWW.GOOGLE.COM WWW.YAHOO.COM TOGETHER TOWARDS A SAFER INDIAIII

THANK YOU